The Elizabeth Tower and Big Ben...

Above: The inside of the clock face of  'Big Ben' taken on a visit in 2002.

Last year the Clock Tower (the tower within The Palace of Westminster which houses the bell 'Big Ben' and its clock) was renamed 'The Elizabeth Tower' in honour of ERII's Diamond Jubilee. The main tower of The Palace of Westminster, 'The Victoria Tower' had previously been renamed from 'The King's Tower' in honour of Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee. The re-dedication of the tower reminded me a previous trip up the tower a few years ago...

Above: A view of St. Margaret's and Westminster Abbey

from up the tower

The tower was part of Charles Barry's redesigned Palace of Westminster, after the previous palace was largely destroyed by fire in 1834. The new tower was finished in 1858 and remains the 3rd tallest clock tower in the world, being 315 feet tall (16 storeys). Being within the Houses of Parliament it is not open to tourists.

Below: A view over the Palace of Westminster showing The Central Tower and The Victoria Tower (with flag)

The dials were designed by the great Gothic revivalist, Augustus Pugin, who worked closely with Barry on many of the design aspects of the new palace. They are 23 feet in diametre...

Across the bottom in gilt inscription in Latin reads Domine Salvam Fac Reginam Nostrum Victoriam Primam (Lord Vouchsafe Our Queen, Victoria the First)

Big Ben itself is the very loud and sonorous 13.5 tonne hour bell. It was cast at the Whitechapel Bell Foundry (which is where we have had many bells and bronze plaques made for us previously, as it was just down the road from where we were working at the Royal London Hospital. We plan to have the bell for the chapel at Willowbrook cast there as well). The Big Ben bell is not the originally planned 16 tonne bell (which was cast at Stockton on Tees by Warner and Sons). That bell cracked during testing. 

  Above: Big Ben surrounded by the smaller quarter bells.

Below: Me on a cold winter's day standing next to 'Big Ben' himself.

Above: The words from Haendel's Messaiah from which the quarter chimes are taken

The quarter chimes are traditionally believed to come from the 5th and 6th measures of "I know my redeemer liveth" from Haendel's Messaiah. The chime was first written for the bells of the clock tower of St Mary the Great, Cambridge, in 1793. Hence, they are often referred to as the Cambridge quarters. It wasn't until the mid 19th century that the chime was adopter for the Westminster quarter chimes, and has subsequently become known as 'The Westminster Chime'.

I know my redeemer liveth

The Clock's movement is famous for its reliability. It was designed by Edmund Denison and George Airy (an amateur horologist and The Astronomer Royal respectively) and built by Edward Dent and his stepson Frederick Dent. It was completed 5 years before the tower was finished!

Frederick Dent invented a 'double three legged gravity escapement'. The mechanism of the clock itself weighs 5 tons; the pendulum is 13 feet long and weighs 660 pounds, and beats 30 times per minute. The frequency has been finely tuned with pennys. By adding a penny one is lifting the pendulum's centre of mass and thereby increasing the frequency of the pendulum's oscillation. Each penny added has the effect of increasing the clock's speed by 0.4 seconds per day...

If you wish to set your watch by the chime of Big Ben, you can rest assured that the first strike of the hour bell will be accurate within one second each day.

I've been to a marvellous party...

Sir Noel Coward (16 December 1899 – 26 March 1973) was an English playwright, composer, director, actor and singer; known for his wit, flamboyance, and what Time magazine called "a sense of personal style: a combination of cheek and chic, pose and poise".

Born in Teddington, London, Coward attended a dance academy in London as a child, making his professional stage début at the age of eleven. As a teenager he was introduced into the high society in which most of his plays would be set. Coward achieved enduring success as a playwright, publishing more than 50 plays from his teens onwards. Many of his works, such as Private Lives, Brief Encounter, Blithe Spirit, and Design for Living, have remained in the regular theatre repertoire. He composed hundreds of songs, in addition to well over a dozen musicals (including the operetta Bitter Sweet), poetry, several volumes of short stories, the novel Pomp and Circumstance, and a three-volume autobiography. Coward's stage and film acting and directing career spanned six decades, during which he starred in many of his own works.

At the outbreak of WWII, Coward volunteered for war work, running the British propaganda office in Paris. He also worked with the Secret Service, seeking to use his influence to persuade the American public and government to help Britain.

Coward won an Academy Honorary Award in 1943 for his naval film drama, In Which We Serve, and was knighted in 1969. In the 1950s he achieved fresh success as a cabaret performer, performing his own songs, such as Mad Dogs and Englishmen, London Pride, Mrs Worthington, Nina, and I went to a Marvellous Party.

Above: The trailer for Brief Encounter

Below: The trailer for The Astonished Heart

His plays and songs achieved new popularity in the 1960s and 1970s, and his work and style continue to influence popular culture. Coward did not publicly acknowledge his homosexuality, but it was discussed candidly after his death by biographers including Graham Payn, his long-time partner, and in Coward's diaries and letters, (published posthumously). The former Albery Theatre (originally the New Theatre) in London was renamed the Noel Coward Theatre in his honour in 2006.

Whilst listening to his song "I've been to a Marvellous Party", I was intrigued by the line " Laura got blind on Dubonnet and Gin". I had never tried Dubonnet before. So we went on a trip to our obliging little merchant in the high street, obtained this quaint drop, and promptly mixed up the said tipple: and it was smashing! Far easier to drink than a martini, though it probably doesn't have the same connotations. It is probably more along the lines of a pink Gin, which has the reputation of being a lady's drink (much to the chagrin to many men who have a more refined palate).

Below: The lyrics to Coward's song (the lyrics don't scan well, but when you listen to the recordings you'll see how they fit).

I Went To A Marvellous Party

I must say it's the most extraordinary experience
not everybody I suppose....
it's something to do with the sun and all that
but I wouldn't understand myself really and I'm not sure its even legal

You know quite for no reason I'm here for the season
and high as a kite
Living in error with Maud at Cap Ferrar which couldn't be right
Everyone's here and frightfully gay nobody cares what people say
Though the French Riviera seems really much queerer than Rome at its height
On Wednesday night I went to a marvellous party
With Nunu and Nada and Nell
It was in the fresh air and we went as we were
and we stayed as we were - which was hell
Poor Grace started singing at midnight
and she didn't stop singing til four
We knew the excitement was bound to begin
when Laura got blind on Dubonnet and Gin
And scratched her veneer with a Cartier pin

I couldn't have liked it more…

I've been to a marvellous party. We played a wonderful game.
Maureen disappeared and came back in a beard and we all had to guess at her name. Cecil arrived wearing armour, some shells and a black feather boa.
Poor Millicent wore a surrealist comb
made of bits of mosaic from St Peters in Rome
but the weight was so great that she had to go home -
well I couldn't have liked it more..

I've been to a marvellous party. I must say the fun was intense.
We all had to do what the people we knew
might be doing 100 years hence.
We talked about growing old gracefully
and Elsie who's 74 said a) it's a question of being sincere
and b) if you're supple you've got nothing to fear
then she swung upside down from a chandelier -
and I couldn't have liked it more..

It was the most fabulous excitement, I've never seen such a carry on
obviously it couldn't happen anywhere else but on the Riviera it was most peculiar..
You know people's behaviour
away from Belgravia would make you aghast.
So much variety watching society scampering past…
You know if you had any mind at all, Gibbons divine 'Decline and Fall'
well it sounds pretty flimsy no more than a whimsy
by way of contrast on Wednesday last…

I went to a marvellous party we didn't sit down til ten.
Y'know young Bobby Carr did a stunt at the bar with a lot of extraordinary men.
And then Freda arrived with a turtle
which shattered us all to the core.
And then the Duchess passed out at a quarter to three
and suddenly Cyril cried 'fiddle-de-de'
and he ripped off his trousers and jumped in the sea -
I couldn't have liked it more..

I've been to a marvellous party - Elise made an entrance with May.
You'd never have guessed from her fisherman's vest
that her bust had been whittled away.
Poor Lulu got fried on chianti and talked about esprit de corps.
Louise made a couple of passes at Gus
and Freddy who hates any kind of a fuss
did half the big apple and twisted his truss
HA HA! ... I couldn't have liked it more!



Above: Beatrice Lillie's Period Version

Below: A modern version of I Went to a Marvellous Party

The song was written about the "bright young people", the sobriquet given to a group of young aristocrats and socialites in late 1920s London. They threw elaborate fancy dress parties, went on elaborate treasure hunts through night-time London, drank heavily and experimented with drugs -- all of which was enthusiastically covered by the press.

They inspired a number of writers, including Nancy Mitford ("Highland Fling"), Anthony Powell ("A Dance to the Music of Time"), Henry Green ("Party Going") and the poet John Betjeman ("A Subaltern's Love Song"), and Evelyn Waugh ("Vile Bodies"). Cecil Beaton began his career in photography by documenting this set, of which he was a member.

This group inspired the film "Bright Young Things", which features many of their crazy antics.

Anyway, back to that Dubonnet...

Dubonnet was first sold in 1846 by Joseph Dubonnet, in response to a competition run by the French authorities to find a way of persuading French Foreign Legionnaires in North Africa to drink quinine.

The late Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, was partial to her Dubonnet and Gin. Her recipe was 1 part gin, 2 parts Dubonnet with a slice of lemon under the ice. She even instructed her loyal steward to bring it on certain outings. Below is a hand written note from The Queen Mother to her steward...

The Queen is also partial to Dubonnet and Gin, having it as her regular pre-lunch tipple. She also carries a flask of it where ever she goes (well, someone else carries it for her). I'm not sure whether the tradition stems from the fact that the Monarch had to be protected at all times from poisoning, or whether she just really likes the uplifting mixture.

Some more Noel Coward classics...

Nina

If love were all




Mrs Worthington




Mad about the boy

Mad Dogs and Englishmen